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1997 Central European flood
The 1997 Central European flood or the 1997 Oder Flood of the Oder River and its tributaries in July 1997 affected Poland, Germany, and the Czech Republic, taking the lives of about 100 people (in the Czech Republic and Poland) and causing material damages estimated at $4.5 billion (3.8 billion euros in the Czech Republic and Poland and 330 million euros in Germany). The flooding began in the Czech Republic, then spread to Poland and Germany. In Poland, where it was one of the most disastrous floods in the history of that country,〔Roman Konieczny. Paweł Madej. Małgorzata Siudak. Local Flood Hazard Reduction Plans in Poland - Problems and Perspectives. In 〕〔 it was named the Millennium Flood (''Powódź tysiąclecia'').〔 The term was also used in Germany (''Jahrtausendflut'').〔Martin Doring. The Politics of Nature: Constructing the German Reunification during the Great Odra Flood 1997 in 〕 The flood has also been referred to as the Great Flood of 1997.〔〔K. Szamalek. The Great Flood of 1997 in Poland: The Truth and Myth. In 〕
==Causes==
Southwestern Poland and the northern Czech Republic experienced two periods of extensive rainfall, the first occurring 3–10 July and the second 17–22 July.〔〔 Studien und Tagungsberichte, Schriftenreihe des Landesumweltamtes Brandenburg. Band 16 - Das Sommerhochwasser an der Oder 1997 - Fachbeiträge anläßlich der Brandenburger Ökologietage II. Potsdam. Marz 1997〕 The precipitation was caused by a Genoa low pressure system, which moved from northern Italy to Moravia and Poland. The unusual development occurred when the field of higher air pressure between the Azores Islands and Scandinavia was blocked. The center of the low pressure remained over southern Poland for a long period.〔Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz. Summer 1997 Flood in Poland in Perspective. In 〕
The precipitation was very high, measuring , and corresponded to several months' average rainfall over a few days.〔 The waters rose 2–3 m above the previously recorded averages〔 and were so high that they flooded over standing measurement poles. It was one of the heaviest rainfalls in the recorded world's history.〔 It was dubbed the Millennium Flood because the likelihood of such a flood in a particular year was estimated at 0.1%.〔 Przemysław Berg, (Czy grozi nam powódź: Widmo Wielkiej Wody ), ''Polityka'', 21 lutego 2010〕
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